The verified Chinese source text is shown below until editorial translation and review are complete.
Research content being upgraded
A Chinese research manuscript exists, but it remains in editorial upgrading and fact-checking. It is not presented as a final case.
LAYER 1 · STRUCTURED CASE DOSSIER
Structured case dossier
Selection reason
高密度数字零售模式开始外溢，适合观察早期全球化。